Bone Contusion
Pathophysiology and Etiology
Bone contusions, synonymous with bone bruises are caused due to direct trauma or impact. Bone contusions can occur at other areas than the knee.
This trauma results in microfractures of the medular trabeculae which causes hemorrhage and edema at the site of the injury.
Bone contusions will most often occur with other injury to the knee, such as an ACL rupture, and can help indicate the mechanism of injury.
This trauma results in microfractures of the medular trabeculae which causes hemorrhage and edema at the site of the injury.
Bone contusions will most often occur with other injury to the knee, such as an ACL rupture, and can help indicate the mechanism of injury.
Diagnostic Tools
An MRI is the most successful in diagnosing a bone bruise. (Bretlau, Tuxoe et al. 2002)
Signs and Symptoms
- Patient will have a significant self-reported pain level
- Effusion at the site of pain
- Decreased ROM
- Pain with movement/gait
Prognosis
The time for a bone contusion to resolve is variable. It has been found that 3 weeks after the initial trauma may be the earliest that a bone contusion will completely heal.
References
Boks, S. S., D. Vroegindeweij, et al. (2007). "Clinical consequences of posttraumatic bone bruise in the knee." Am J Sports Med. 35(6): 990-995. Epub 2007 Feb 2016.
Hoch, J. M. and C. G. Mattacola (2012). "The effect of bone-bruise lesions on pain in patients with traumatic knee injury." J Sport Rehabil. 21(1): 79-82. Epub 2011 Jun 2016.
Mandalia, V., A.J.B. Fogg, R. Chari, J. Murray, A. Beale, J.H.L. Henson. Bone bruising of the knee. Clinical Radiology 2005; 60, 627–636
Yoon, K. H., J. H. Yoo, et al. (2011). "Bone contusion and associated meniscal and medial collateral ligament injury in patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture." J Bone Joint Surg Am. 93(16): 1510-1518.
Hoch, J. M. and C. G. Mattacola (2012). "The effect of bone-bruise lesions on pain in patients with traumatic knee injury." J Sport Rehabil. 21(1): 79-82. Epub 2011 Jun 2016.
Mandalia, V., A.J.B. Fogg, R. Chari, J. Murray, A. Beale, J.H.L. Henson. Bone bruising of the knee. Clinical Radiology 2005; 60, 627–636
Yoon, K. H., J. H. Yoo, et al. (2011). "Bone contusion and associated meniscal and medial collateral ligament injury in patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture." J Bone Joint Surg Am. 93(16): 1510-1518.